Castilla de Oro | Wikipedia audio article, https://youtu.be/JK8xfl0tBNc. Castilla de Oro or del Oro was the name given by the Spanish settlers at the beginning of the 16th century to the Central American territories from the Gulf of Urabá, near today's Colombian-Panamanian border, to the Belén River. Beyond that river, the region was known as Veragua, and was disputed by the Spanish crown along with the Columbus family. The name "Castilla de Oro" was made official in May 1513 by King Ferdinand II of Aragon, then regent of the Crown of Castile.
After Vasco Núñez de Balboa's discovery of the Pacific Ocean, Castilla de Oro's jurisdiction was broadened to include the Pacific coasts of Panama, Costa Rica, and Nicaragua.
According to the ebook "The Lineage of the Portuguese Conquerors of the 16th-century: Long-Term Genealogical Research from the Late Antiquity to the Contemporary Age" by Rafael Alberto Vilagut, the Arias clan of Costa Rica is very probably linked to the Spanish Conquistador Pedro Arias Dávila and nicknamed Pedrarias (Segovia, 1440 – León Viejo, 1531) of Sephardic origin, and of his daughter María Arias de Peñalosa (1503-1573) married to Rodrigo de Contreras. They had the following children.
i. Diego Contreras Arias (???? - 1549).
ii. Vasco Arias Contreras.
iii. Beatriz Bobadilla Contreras.
iv. Alonso Contreras (1524 - 1573).
v. Hernando Contreras Peñalosa (1524 - 1550).
vi. Isabel Ana Bobadilla (1524 - ????)-
vii. Pedro Contreras Peñalosa (1524 - 1550).
viii. Constanza Contreras Peñaloza (1530 - ????).
ix. María Contreras Peñalosa (1537 - ????).
x. Jerónima Contreras Peñalosa (1538 - ????).
xi. Catalina de Zamora (1540 - ????).
According to the ebook "The Lineage of the Portuguese Conquerors of the 16th-century: Long-Term Genealogical Research from the Late Antiquity to the Contemporary Age" by Rafael Alberto Vilagut, the Arias clan of Costa Rica is very probably linked to the Spanish Conquistador Pedro Arias Dávila and nicknamed Pedrarias (Segovia, 1440 – León Viejo, 1531) of Sephardic origin, and of his daughter María Arias de Peñalosa (1503-1573) married to Rodrigo de Contreras. They had the following children.
i. Diego Contreras Arias (???? - 1549).
ii. Vasco Arias Contreras.
iii. Beatriz Bobadilla Contreras.
iv. Alonso Contreras (1524 - 1573).
v. Hernando Contreras Peñalosa (1524 - 1550).
vi. Isabel Ana Bobadilla (1524 - ????)-
vii. Pedro Contreras Peñalosa (1524 - 1550).
viii. Constanza Contreras Peñaloza (1530 - ????).
ix. María Contreras Peñalosa (1537 - ????).
x. Jerónima Contreras Peñalosa (1538 - ????).
xi. Catalina de Zamora (1540 - ????).
In 1550 Hernando and Pedro de Contreras Peñalosa started a rebellion, they were defeated in the same year of 1550 and, although they fled, they were finally executed.
Pedro Arias DÁvila "Pedrarias", founder of Panama City and fierce governor of Panama and Nicaragua in the times of Castilla de Oro and the Kingdom of Tierra Firme.
No historian or genealogist has yet provided data to
prove this hypothesis. Now that we have managed to demonstrate the
relationship of Ticos with European royalty from the 10th century to the
21st century, a nice challenge is to prove or refute this hypothesis.
Gaspar Arias was born in 1620 in Cartago. Gaspar died in 1674; he was 54. His parents were, Pedro Arias de Salamanca, he was born in 1580.
The founder of the largest Arias family in Costa Rica was named Pedro Arias de Salamanca, who is cited as a merchant in 1629 and had already died by 1632 in Costa Rica; he was 52. Mariana de Chinchilla y Calvo was born in 1598. Mariana died in 1632; she was 34.
Gaspar Arias was born in 1620 in Cartago. Gaspar died in 1674; he was 54. His parents were, Pedro Arias de Salamanca, he was born in 1580.
The founder of the largest Arias family in Costa Rica was named Pedro Arias de Salamanca, who is cited as a merchant in 1629 and had already died by 1632 in Costa Rica; he was 52. Mariana de Chinchilla y Calvo was born in 1598. Mariana died in 1632; she was 34.
Were his Grandparents María Arias de Peñalosa (1503-1573) married to Rodrigo de Contreras? Pedro married Mariana de Chinchilla y Calvo. They had the following children.
i. Catalina Arias, confirmed in Cartago, in 1625.
ii. Juan Arias.
iii. Gaspar Arias (1620 - 1674)
His Grandparents were, Alférez Miguel Calvo y García. Born in 1575 in Sevilla, España. Alférez died on Dec 15 1638 in Cartago, Costa Rica; he was 63, and Mariana de Chinchilla y Calvo, she was born in Honduras.
Miguel Calvo, a native of Seville, arrived in Costa Rica from Honduras and was apparently endowed with significant wealth, at the beginning of the 17th century.
Alférez Miguel Calvo y García married Mariana de Chinchilla y Díaz de Jilera about 1595 in Trujillo Colon Honduras. They had the following children.
i. Juana de Chinchilla y Calvo (1596-1636)
ii. Mariana de Chinchilla y Calvo (1598 - 1632)
iii. Alférez Tomás Lorenzo Calvo y Chinchilla (1612 - 1669).
Tomás Calvo was one of the longest-serving perpetual regidores in the Cartago council (with around 34 years in the position of general depositary), so much so that in his time he was commonly known – and was cited in the documents as such – as "the depositary Tomás Calvo"; the title he held thus became practically part of his name. He was also often called "ensign (Alférez) Tomás Calvo" due to his military rank.
Alférez Miguel Calvo also married Catalina de Acuña (1539-1622). Also known as Conquistadora Acuña or Doña Catalina de Atirro, daughter of Alonso Manuel de Acuña y Valenzuela. Catalina and Alférez's Miguel Calvo y García had no children.
Alférez Miguel Calvo also married María Pereira Cardoso y Acuña (1596-1636).
They had one child ...
1 i. Juana Benita Calvo Pereira (1622 - 1720).
Juana Benita Calvo Pereira married Alonso de Bonilla y Calvo in Cartago in March 1630. Alonso de Bonilla y Calvo (Cartago, around 1610-Cartago, August 13, 1671) was an Indian soldier who distinguished himself in the province of Costa Rica in the fight against pirates. He was the son of Martín de Bonilla y López de Ortega and Juana de Alarcón Chacón.
Children of this marriage were: 1) Francisco de Bonilla y Chacón (1639), lieutenant governor of Costa Rica in 1678, married Leonor de Vargas y Moreno de Grado for the first time and Margarita de Laya Bolívar y Chaves for the second; 2) Nicolás (1640), married María de Flores Barbosa for the first time and María de Rojas for the second; 3) Juan (1646), sergeant major, married Francisca de Astúa y Chaves; 4) Alonso de Bonilla (1648-d. and 1688), single; 5) Antonio (1650), married María de Grados y Ocampo Golfín; 6) Maria (1652); 7) Juana (1654), married to Ensign Jerónimo de Guzmán Portocarrero; 8) Josefa (1656 - willed in 1716 and 1734), married Antonio Porras, and 9) Sebastiana (1658 - willed in 1725 and 1733), married Don Francisco Espinoza.
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